Knowing in advance the parts of a project is of the utmost importance for its success. In fact, the better grounded the project is, the more accurate and consistent the results will be (even if they are not the expected ones). In the following lines we present each and every one of the main phases , whether it is research or a written project.
Talking about the phases of a project implies, in many cases, knowing its structure. This structure will serve as a guide so as not to deviate from the main theme or prioritize those parts that we want to deal with in more depth. In any case, some of the parts involve knowing and detecting the resources that we have at our disposal to develop the content.
- You can also read: The 15 types of data analysis that exist.
ARTICLE CONTENT
1. Parts of a research project.
2. Parts of a business project.
3. Parts of a school project.
Parts of a research project
Before developing a research project we must know its nature or typology. For more information, you can consult the types of research that exist.
1. Approach
In this first part we establish a series of bases for the project.
1.1 Idea
This is to summarize, in a few words, the nature of the investigation. A very brief synthesis of the problem to be treated. This idea must be present throughout the entire project.
1.2 Title
The title of the investigation arises from the idea. It must be clear to express the nature of the investigation.
1.3 Introduction
Brief description of the research topic. It must also be clear so that the reader can identify the problem of the project.
1.4 Statement of the problem
In this section we will develop the problem to be treated, its characteristics and factors to take into account during the investigation.
1.5 Objectives
Here we detail each and every one of the general and specific objectives that are expected to be obtained with the research project. Realistic objectives must be proposed taking into account the limitations, another of the parts that we expose later.
1.6 Reasons
In this part we explain what is the reason that leads us to develop the project, what arouses the interest of the person in charge of the project.
1.7 Limitations
To close this part, we list the limitations of the project. The objectives may vary depending on these limitations.
For research, business and school projects. | Image from: Rawpixel.
2. Referential phase
In this part of the project the bulk of the research is based. It goes beyond the approach of the same, dealing with the following points.
2.1 theoretical framework
Here we detail what research has been done on the same subject, what results have been obtained and what information can be useful to develop the project. We can focus on similar investigations and establish some similarities.
2.2 Hypothesis
This is one of the most transcendental parts of the project. A hypothesis is an ” assumption made from data that serves as a basis for initiating an investigation.” Therefore, we try to give a possible answer to the problem, basing our affirmation on the results of the project.
3. Methodology
It is, in a way, the development of the research project. It consists of a series of actions that will allow us to obtain a result or conclusion. It consists of four parts:
- Define what instruments or mechanisms we have used to obtain data.
- How we have applied these instruments.
- How have we analyzed the information obtained?
- What results have we obtained?
4. Conclusions
The culmination of the investigation. In this section, we will make a brief summary of the results obtained through the previous actions. In this synthesis, we will compare the results with the specific and general objectives that we hoped to meet.
Parts of a business project
We speak of a business project if the objective of the project is to generate a benefit for the company (whatever it is) and not the knowledge or the answer to a problem. There are significant changes with respect to a research project, so that the structure is as follows.
1. Objectives
In any type of project, objectives must be established. Existsa general objective and specific objectives . All the actions we carry out are aimed at meeting these objectives, so they must be clear and realistic.
2. Scheduling
Next, we detail what time we have to complete the project (deadline). The scheduling has a malleable character , since there are a series of external factors that can modify the term.
3. Budget
First we must know the exact amount of economic resources that we can allocate to the project. Then we list each and every one of the budget items, adding an item to cover unforeseen expenses.
4. Resources
In this part we add the resources that are not economic. Do we have the necessary resources
? What limitations does the company have to meet the objectives?
These questions must be resolved in this section.
5. Tasks and subtasks
Taking into account the previous points, we establish the tasks and subtasks that we must carry out for the correct development of the project. Then we assign each of the tasks to the corresponding work team (or team members), so that the workload is reasonable.
6. Recipients
Finally, we must record who or what the business project is addressed to. It can be a client, an internal department of the company or a specific public. Recipients are also called project owners .
Each type of project has specific parts. | Image from: Rawpixel.
Parts of a school project
Finally, we define the different stages of a school project. The resulting document will lay the foundations of the institution, although it may be revised and modified at any time. We must emphasize that a good school project must meet a series of requirements, such as being participatory and promoting the integration of teachers and students.
1. Relationship between the center and the environment
In the first place, we must identify the relationship between the educational center and its environment. What is the surrounding population
like? What is expected of the center
? What opinion or image might the center currently have? Social, urban, demographic and cultural aspects
must be taken into account . 2. Values of the center
Similarly, we must expose the aspects that give identity to the center. This translates into the values and principles of the institution and some differentiating features such as technological innovation or social inclusion, to name a few examples. 3. Basic objectives
The document must also set out the objectives that the educational center hopes to meet. The objectives must be coherent and
in accordance with the values and principles that we have previously mentioned.
4. Educational offer
None of the objectives can be met if there is not an educational offer that is sufficiently attractive. Needless to say, the offer must meet a minimum of quality. In this phase of the project, the guidelines and methods of the teachers and professionals of the center should also be detailed.
5. Structure of the center
Finally, we will define the organizational chart of the school. We will explain what relationship exists between professionals and teachers and the mechanisms of interaction and communication that they can use.
